Five Uses For Survivorship Life Insurance

By Robert D. Cavanaugh, CLU

Survivorship life insurance is a life insurance policy that insures two people and pays at the second death. Also referred to as second-to-die life insurance, common abbreviations are SWL for survivor whole life and SUL for survivor universal life.

Advantages

Since the insurance company does not have to pay until the second person dies, the premium is lower.

The insurance company could issue a standard policy, even if one person has health issues. In extreme cases where one person is entirely uninsurable, a policy with an acceptable premium is possible.

There are many uses for a survivorship life insurance policy. Let’s look at five.

Estate Taxes

Life insurance is the least expensive method of providing cash for the payment of estate taxes. Since 1981, the law allows one spouse to transfer all their property to the other spouse at death tax free. This is the “unlimited marital deduction.” If there is an estate tax due, it is not due until the second spouse dies.

In response, life insurance companies designed the survivorship life insurance contract. Since the premium is lower, it is even a better solution than a policy insuring only one person.

Replacing an Asset Given Away

Charitable remainder trusts (CRTs) allow a person to sell a highly appreciated asset (stock, land, a business etc.) without paying a capital gain tax, receive an income tax deduction and convert the asset to an income. At their death, the asset passes to the charity, not to their heirs.

An easy way to circumvent the children’s disinheritance is to insure mom and dad with a survivorship life insurance policy for the value of the asset given to charity. Sometimes premiums can be entirely paid from the income from the charitable remainder trust, which is often found money if the original asset was illiquid. The income tax deduction can be spread over six years if the asset contributed to the CRT is large enough. This is another premium source.

Even Out an Inheritance

A couple has three children and a family business. One of the children is active in the business and the other two have careers of their own. If the bulk of the estate is the business and the plan is to leave the business to the active child, the other two children come up short.

A second-to-die policy on mom and dad can even things out. For example, let’s say the total estate is 6 million and the business represents 4 million. If the parents leave the business to the active child and the remaining 2 million to the other two children and name these children the beneficiary of a 6 million dollar survivorship life policy, everything is equal.

The child active in the business gets the business worth 4 million. The other two children inherit 1 million apiece from the balance of the estate and 3 million apiece from the survivorship life insurance policy.

Post Phone a Buy Sell

If Joe and Bill were equal partners in a business, good planning would have them meet with their attorney and accountant, put a value on the business that each are happy with and have a buy-sell agreement drawn. Fund the agreement with life insurance and the funds are assured for the buy-out.

However, what if Joe’s wife, Ann, is also active in the business? If Joe dies, Ann would inherit Joe’s interest and continue to work in the business as usual. In this case, it would make sense to use a survivorship life insurance policy to insure both Joe and Ann. The buy-sell agreement would be worded to trigger the buy-out at the second of their deaths.

To Pay the Income Tax on an Inherited Qualified Plan

This is the day of mega 401(k) plans. When a 401(k), IRA or other qualified plan is passed, for example, to the children, income tax is required upon a distribution.

Most people do not realize the large potential tax on what may be their largest asset. Let’s look at the worst case. If the qualified plan money is subject to the top estate tax bracket, which is currently 45% and the child is also in the top income tax bracket, currently 35%, the amount left to the child is only a fraction of the total amount. Note there is a deduction against income for estate taxes paid. A good estimate of the net total percentage paid in taxes at the top brackets is 70%.

Use a survivorship life insurance policy to offset the income tax on the distributions, the estate tax or both.

There are many other uses of survivorship life insurance policies. If your situation includes any of these examples, I would recommend looking at the use of a second-to-die policy.

Robert D. Cavanaugh, CLU is a 36-year financial and estate planning veteran and author of the free newsletter, “The Estate Preservation Advisor”.