ÿþ<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Financial Ratios</TITLE> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso8859-1"> <META NAME="description" CONTENT="Financial Calculators, ©1998-2010 KJE Computer Solutions, LLC. For more information please see http://www.dinkytown.net"> <STYLE> <!-- BODY, TABLE, TD, TH, UL, OL, DD, DL, P, BR { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; } H1 { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: bold; } DT { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; } P.footer { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; } DIV.large { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: bold; } --> </STYLE> </HEAD> <!-- Financial Calculators, ©1998-2008 KJE Computer Solutions, LLC. 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For more information please see: <A HREF="http://www.dinkytown.net">http://www.dinkytown.net</A> --> <H1>Financial Ratios</H1><P>This calculator is designed to show you ten different financial ratios. Financial ratios are used as indicators that allow you to zero in on areas of your business that may need attention. Areas such as solvency, liquidity, operational efficiency and profitability.<P><CENTER> <!--[if IE]><object name="calculator" classid="clsid:8AD9C840-044E-11D1-B3E9-00805F499D93" codebase="http://java.sun.com/update/1.6.0/jinstall-6-windows-i586.cab#Version=1,4,0,0" height="400" width="565"><param name="code" value="Ratios" /><param name="archive" value="dinkytown.jar" /> <P style="font-size:1px; color: #ffffff" line-height: 1px><![endif]--><![if !IE]><P style="font-size:1px; color: #ffffff" line-height: 1px><![endif]></P><![if !IE]><APPLET name="calculator" code="Ratios.class" align="baseline" WIDTH="565" HEIGHT="400" archive="dinkytown.jar"><![endif]> <PARAM name="TOTAL_CURRENT_ASSETS" value="100000"> <PARAM name="TOTAL_CURRENT_LIABILITIES" value="50000"> <PARAM name="TOTAL_LONG_TERM_ASSETS" value="500000"> <PARAM name="TOTAL_LONG_TERM_LIABILITIES" value="450000"> <PARAM name="SALES" value="500000"> <PARAM name="RECEIVABLES" value="400000"> <PARAM name="COST_OF_GOODS_SOLD" value="250000"> <PARAM name="OPERATING_EXPENSES" value="100000"> <PARAM name="INTEREST_EXPENSE" value="50000"> <PARAM name="INVENTORY" value="250000"> <PARAM name="OTHER_INCOME" value="0"> <!--CUSTOM PARAMETERS--> <PARAM name="TEXT_FOR_REPORT" value="<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Financial Ratios</TITLE> <META HTTP-EQUIV='Content-Type' CONTENT='text/html; charset=iso8859-1'> <META NAME='description' CONTENT='Financial Calculators, &QCPQ;1998-2010 KJE Computer Solutions, LLC. For more information please see http://www.dinkytown.net'> <STYLE> <!-- BODY, TABLE, TD, TH, UL, OL, DD, DL, P, BR { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; } H1 { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: bold; } DT { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; } P.footer { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; } DIV.large { font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-weight: bold; } --> </STYLE> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor='#FFFFFF' LINK='#003399' VLINK='#666666' BGCOLOR='#FFFFFF'> <CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=468 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFDD' border=0 width=468 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5><tr><td width='100%' align=center valign=middle><DIV class=large>Financial Ratios</DIV></td></tr></table></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <H1>Financial Ratios</H1><P>Below are your calculated financial ratios. Use these ratios to gauge your solvency, liquidity, operational efficiency and profitability. They are also useful measures to compare your business with others in your industry. <P><CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=95% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFFF' border=0 width=100% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5> <TR BGCOLOR='#CCCCCC'><TD COLSPAN=2><CENTER><B>Profitability Ratios</B></CENTER></TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Gross profit margin </b> </TD><TD>GROSS_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Gross profit/sales <BR>GROSS_PROFITS/SALES = GROSS_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO <P>This important ratio measures your profitability at the most basic level. Your total gross profit total (which is net sales - cost of goods sold) compared to your net sales . A ratio less than one means you are selling your product for less than it costs to produce. If this ratio remains less than one, you will not achieve profitability regardless of your volume or the efficiency of the rest of your business. <BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Operating profit margin </b> </TD><TD>OPERATING_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Operating income/Sales <BR>OPERATING_INCOME/SALES = OPERATING_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO <P>This ratio measures your profitability based on your earnings before interest and tax (EBIT). This measure is used to gauge the efficiency of the business before taking any financing means into account (such as debt financing and tax considerations). This ratio is often used to compare the operating efficiency between similar businesses.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Net profit margin </b> </TD><TD>NET_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Net income/Sales <BR> NET_INCOME_BEFORE_TAXES/SALES = NET_PROFIT_MARGIN_RATIO <P> Often referred to as the bottom line, this ratio takes all expenses into account including interest. </TD></TR> </TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <P><CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=95% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFFF' border=0 width=100% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5> <TR BGCOLOR='#CCCCCC'><TD COLSPAN=2><CENTER><B>Liquidity Ratios</B></CENTER></TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Current ratio </b> </TD><TD>CURRENT_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Current Assets divided by current liabilities <BR>TOTAL_CURRENT_ASSETS/TOTAL_CURRENT_LIABILITIES = CURRENT_RATIO <P> Your current ratio helps you determine if you have enough working capital to meet your short term financial obligations. A general rule of thumb is to have a current ratio of 2.0. Although this will vary by business and industry, a number above two may indicate a poor use of capital. A current ratio under two may indicate an inability to pay current financial obligations with a measure of safety. <BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Quick ratio </b> </TD><TD>QUICK_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Current assets minus inventory divided by liabilities <BR> (TOTAL_CURRENT_ASSETS-INVENTORY)/TOTAL_CURRENT_LIABILITIES = QUICK_RATIO <P> Also known as the 'Acid Test', your Quick Ratio helps gauge your immediate ability to pay your financial obligations. Quick Ratios below 0.50 indicate a risk of running out of working capital and a risk of not meeting your current obligations. While industries and businesses vary widely, 0.50 to 1.0 are generally considered acceptable Quick Ratios.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> </TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <P><CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=95% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFFF' border=0 width=100% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5> <TR BGCOLOR='#CCCCCC'><TD COLSPAN=2><CENTER><B>Operating Ratios</B></CENTER></TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Inventory turnover ratio </b> </TD><TD>INVENTORY_TURNOVER_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Cost of goods sold/Inventory <BR>COST_OF_GOODS_SOLD/INVENTORY = INVENTORY_TURNOVER_RATIO <P>This ratio measures the number of times your inventory 'turned-over' during a time period. Generally, the higher this ratio the better your use of inventory. Low numbers indicate a large amount of capital tied up in inventory that may be more efficiently used elsewhere.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Sales to receivables ratio </b> </TD><TD>SALES_TO_RECEIVABLES_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Net sales/Net receivables <BR>SALES/RECEIVABLES = SALES_TO_RECEIVABLES_RATIO <P> This ratio measures the number of times your receivables 'turned over'. The higher the number, the more efficient you are at collecting your accounts receivable. A ratio that is too high or one that is increasing over time, may indicate an inefficient use of your working capital. It is important to compare this ratio to other businesses in your industry.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Return on assets </b> </TD><TD>RETURN_ON_ASSETS </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Net income before taxes/Total assets <BR> NET_INCOME_BEFORE_TAXES/TOTAL_ASSETS = RETURN_ON_ASSETS <P>This ratio helps show how assets are being used to generate profits. One of the most common financial measures, it can be an effective tool to compare the profitability of two companies. If your return on assets is lower than a competitor, it may be an indication that they have found a more efficient means to operate through financing, technology, quality control or inventory management.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> </TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <P><CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=95% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFFF' border=0 width=100% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5> <TR BGCOLOR='#CCCCCC'><TD COLSPAN=2><CENTER><B>Solvency Ratios</B></CENTER></TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Debt to worth ratio </b> </TD><TD>DEBT_TO_WORTH_RATIO </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Total liabilities/Net worth <BR>TOTAL_LIABILITIES/NET_WORTH = DEBT_TO_WORTH_RATIO <P> Also called the leverage ratio, it is used to help describe how much debt is used to finance the business. While some debt may be prudent, depending on too much debt financing can increase risk.<BR><BR> </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Working capital </b> </TD><TD>WORKING_CAPITAL </TD></TR> <TR><TD COLSPAN=2> Formula: Current assets minus current liabilities <BR> TOTAL_CURRENT_ASSETS-TOTAL_CURRENT_LIABILITIES = WORKING_CAPITAL <P> Working capital is used by a lender to help gauge the ability of a company to weather difficult financial periods. Working capital is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets. Due to differences in businesses and the fact that working capital is not a ratio but an absolute amount, it is difficult to predict the ideal amount of working capital for your business without making use of other financial measures. (Including the Quick Ratio and the Current Ratio.)<BR><BR> </TD></TR> </TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <BR> </CENTER> <P> <H1>Input summary</H1><CENTER><table border=0 bgcolor='#000000' width=95% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0><tr><td width='100%'><table bgcolor='#FFFFFF' border=0 width=100% cellspacing=1 cellpadding=5> <TR BGCOLOR='#CCCCCC'><TD COLSPAN=2><CENTER><B>Input Summary</B></CENTER></TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Total current assets </b> </TD><TD>TOTAL_CURRENT_ASSETS </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Total current liabilities </b> </TD><TD>TOTAL_CURRENT_LIABILITIES </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Total long term assets </b> </TD><TD>TOTAL_LONG_TERM_ASSETS </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Total long term liabilities </b> </TD><TD>TOTAL_LONG_TERM_LIABILITIES </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Sales </b> </TD><TD>SALES </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Receivables </b> </TD><TD>RECEIVABLES </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Cost of goods sold </b> </TD><TD>COST_OF_GOODS_SOLD </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Operating expenses </b> </TD><TD>OPERATING_EXPENSES </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Interest expense </b> </TD><TD>INTEREST_EXPENSE </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Inventory </b> </TD><TD>INVENTORY </TD></TR> <TR><TD><b>Other income </b> </TD><TD>OTHER_INCOME </TD></TR> </TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER> <BR> <BR> <HR SIZE=1> <CENTER><P class=footer> Information and interactive calculators are made available to you as self-help tools for your independent use and are not intended to provide investment advice. We cannot and do not guarantee their applicability or accuracy in regards to your individual circumstances. All examples are hypothetical and are for illustrative purposes. We encourage you to seek personalized advice from qualified professionals regarding all personal finance issues. </P></CENTER><br><br> </BODY> </HTML> "> <H1><CENTER>This Financial Calculator requires SUN's Java"! Plug-in. If you see this message you will need to download SUN's Java"! Plug-in. This can be done automatically by clicking the yellow bar at the top of your browser and choosing  Install ActiveX Control . </CENTER></H1> <OL> You can also get SUN's Java"! Plug-in here: <A href="http://www.java.com/en/download/download_the_latest.jsp" target=_blank><b>Get the Java"! Plug-in!</b></A> <P>For more information about this Plug-in please visit: <A href="http://www.dinkytown.net/money/sunjvm.html" target=_blank><b>SUN's Java"! Plug-in</b></A> <BR>For more information these financial calculators please visit: <A href="http://www.dinkytown.net" target=_blank><b>Financial Calculators from KJE Computer Solutions, LLC</b></A> </OL><!--[if IE]></OBJECT><![endif]--><![if !IE]></APPLET><![endif]> </CENTER><CENTER><SCRIPT>document.write(showbuttons())</SCRIPT> </CENTER> <H1>Definitions</H1><P><TABLE align='center' WIDTH="95%"><TR><TD><DL><!--DEFN_START--> <DT><B>Total current assets</B><DD>This is any cash or asset that can be quickly turned into cash. This includes prepaid expenses, accounts receivable, most securities and your inventory.<P> <DT><B>Total current liabilities</B><DD>This is a liability in the immediate future. This includes wages, taxes, and accounts payable.<P> <DT><B>Total long term assets</B><DD>This includes buildings and equipment (less depreciation), real estate and other assets that are not readily turned into income or cash.<P> <DT><B>Total long term liabilities</B><DD>This includes mortgage, deferred taxes, notes payable and other long term liabilities.<P> <DT><B>Sales</B><DD>Total sales for the period.<P> <DT><B>Receivables</B><DD>Total balance in your accounts receivable.<P> <DT><B>Cost of goods sold</B><DD>This is the total cost of the raw materials, supplies and labor required to produce your product for the period.<P> <DT><B>Operating expenses</B><DD>Your selling, administrative and other expenses used to run your business but not directly associated with the creation of you product.<P> <DT><B>Interest expense</B><DD>Your total interest expense for the period.<P> <DT><B>Inventory</B><DD>Total inventory which includes normal inventory, safety stock and work in process.<P> <DT><B>Other income</B><DD>Any other income your company receives that was not through its operations. This includes the sale of appreciated property or securities.<P> <DT><B>Gross profits</B><DD>Gross profits are your profits for the period before operating expenses, fixed expenses, taxes or interest. This is calculated as your sales minus your cost of goods sold.<P> <DT><B>Operating income</B><DD>Total income generated from your operations, after operating expenses but before interest and taxes.<P> <DT><B>Net income before taxes</B><DD>Your income before taxes. This amount includes income not generated directly from your operations such as income generated from financial investments. <!--DEFN_END--></DL></TD></TR></TABLE> <BR> <HR SIZE=1> <CENTER> <P class=footer> Information and interactive calculators are made available to you as self-help tools for your independent use and are not intended to provide investment advice. We cannot and do not guarantee their applicability or accuracy in regards to your individual circumstances. All examples are hypothetical and are for illustrative purposes. We encourage you to seek personalized advice from qualified professionals regarding all personal finance issues. </P></CENTER> <BR> </BODY> </HTML>